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Saudi Arabian Mathematical Competitions

Geometry Difficulty 6.2 National Olympiad Prove it Saudi Arabia

Let ABCABC be an acute triangle with ATAT, ASAS respectively the internal and external angle bisectors of ABCABC and T,S∈BCT, S \in BC. On the circle with diameter TSTS, take an arbitrary point PP that lies inside the triangle ABCABC. Denote D,E,F,ID, E, F, I as the incenter of triangle PBCPBC, PCAPCA, PABPAB, ABCABC. Prove that four lines ADAD, BEBE, CFCF and IPIP are concurrent.

Solution

First, we note that the circle of diameter TSTS is the Apollonius circle of triangle ABCABC then
BPCP=BACA=BTCT \frac{BP}{CP} = \frac{BA}{CA} = \frac{BT}{CT}
or
BPBA=CPCA, \frac{BP}{BA} = \frac{CP}{CA},
which implies that the bisector of angle BB in triangle ABPABP and the bisector of angle CC in triangle ACPACP pass through the same point on APAP. Denote that point as KK. So CECE, BFBF, APAP are concurrent at KK.

Figure 1

It is easy to see that I∈ATI \in AT. Consider triangle APTAPT and we have
IAIT⋅KPKA⋅DTDP=BABT⋅BPBA⋅BTBP=1 \frac{IA}{IT} \cdot \frac{KP}{KA} \cdot \frac{DT}{DP} = \frac{BA}{BT} \cdot \frac{BP}{BA} \cdot \frac{BT}{BP} = 1
then by applying Ceva's theorem, we can see that three lines ADAD, IPIP, KTKT are concurrent.

Continue, consider triangle KBCKBC and we have
FKFB⋅ECEK=PKPB⋅PCPK=PCPB=TCTB \frac{FK}{FB} \cdot \frac{EC}{EK} = \frac{PK}{PB} \cdot \frac{PC}{PK} = \frac{PC}{PB} = \frac{TC}{TB}
or
FKFB⋅ECEK⋅TBTC=1(2) \frac{FK}{FB} \cdot \frac{EC}{EK} \cdot \frac{TB}{TC} = 1 \tag{2}
then KTKT, BEBE, CFCF are also concurrent.

Finally, suppose that BEBE, CFCF, ADAD are concurrent at XX then denote BE∩CF=XBE \cap CF = X, we will have X∈KTX \in KT based on (2), but X∈ADX \in AD then X∈KT∩ADX \in KT \cap AD.
Therefore, based on (1), we have X∈IPX \in IP, then the result will follow.

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