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Geometry Difficulty 5.4 AIME, harder Prove it Saudi Arabia

Let ABCABC be a triangle and II its incenter. The line AIAI intersects the side BCBC at DD and the perpendicular bisector of BCBC at EE. Let JJ be the incenter of triangle CDECDE. Prove that triangle CIJCIJ is isosceles.

Solution

It is well known that the bisector of the angle at vertex AA and the perpendicular bisector of side BCBC intersect on the circumcircle of triangle ABCABC. We give here two solutions.

Solution 1. We have
JDI=180EDJ=18012ADB=18012(DAC+ACB)=180(14BAC+12ACB) \begin{aligned} \measuredangle JDI & = 180^\circ - \measuredangle EDJ = 180^\circ - \frac{1}{2} \measuredangle ADB = 180^\circ - \frac{1}{2}(\measuredangle DAC + \measuredangle ACB) \\ & = 180^\circ - \left(\frac{1}{4} \measuredangle BAC + \frac{1}{2} \measuredangle ACB\right) \end{aligned}
On the other hand
ICJ=12ACB+12BCE=12ACB+12BAE=12ACB+14BAC\measuredangle ICJ = \frac{1}{2} \measuredangle ACB + \frac{1}{2} \measuredangle BCE = \frac{1}{2} \measuredangle ACB + \frac{1}{2} \measuredangle BAE = \frac{1}{2} \measuredangle ACB + \frac{1}{4} \measuredangle BAC.
Therefore, quadrilateral CIDJC I D J is cyclic.

Figure 1

We deduce that
JIC=JDC=EDJ=ICJ, \measuredangle JIC = \measuredangle JDC = \measuredangle EDJ = \measuredangle ICJ,
and triangle CIJCIJ is isosceles.

Solution 2. It is well known that EC=EIEC = EI. This is because
ICE=ICD+DCE=ACI+BAE=ACI+IAC=EIC. \measuredangle ICE = \measuredangle ICD + \measuredangle DCE = \measuredangle ACI + \measuredangle BAE = \measuredangle ACI + \measuredangle IAC = \measuredangle EIC.
Figure 2

Therefore, the bisector of angle CEI\angle CEI is the perpendicular bisector of segment CICI. But JJ is on this bisector. Hence, JC=JIJC = JI and triangle CIJCIJ is isosceles.

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