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Problems from Ukrainian Authors

Geometry Difficulty 6.5 National Olympiad Prove it Ukraine

Let ABCDABCD be a quadrilateral with equal angles BB and DD. Circles ω1,ω2\omega_1, \omega_2 are symmetric with respect to ACAC; ω1\omega_1 passes through BB and intersects ABAB and BCBC for the second time at KK and LL, respectively, and ω2\omega_2 passes through DD and intersects CDCD and ADAD for the second time at MM and NN, respectively.
Prove that KMKM and LNLN intersect on ACAC.

Solution

Let D′D' be symmetric to DD with respect to ACAC. If D′D' coincides with BB, then NN and MM are symmetric to KK and LL, respectively, with respect to ACAC, and the problem clearly holds. Let D′≠BD' \neq B. Since ω2\omega_2 is symmetric to ω1\omega_1 with respect to ACAC, If we denote by M′M' and N′N' the points symmetric to MM and NN, respectively, with respect to ACAC we will have that B,D′,M′,L,N′,KB, D', M', L, N', K all lie on ω1\omega_1 (fig. 24). Since ∠AD′C=∠ADC=∠ABC\angle AD'C = \angle ADC = \angle ABC, points A,B,D′,CA, B, D', C are concyclic. We get ∠(CA,AD′)=∠(CB,BD′)=∠(LN′,N′D′)\angle (CA, AD') = \angle (CB, BD') = \angle (LN', N'D'), so LN′∥ACLN' \parallel AC, and similarly M′K∥ACM'K \parallel AC. Then LM′KN′LM'KN' is a cyclic trapezoid, so it's isosceles, and KL=M′N′=MNKL = M'N' = MN. We also get ∠(MN,AC)=∠(AC,M′N′)=∠(N′L,M′N′)=∠(KL,N′L)=∠(KL,AC)\angle (MN, AC) = \angle (AC, M'N') = \angle (N'L, M'N') = \angle (KL, N'L) = \angle (KL, AC), so MN∥KLMN \parallel KL. Since segments KLKL and MNMN are equal, KLMNKLMN is a parallelogram, so KMKM intersects NLNL at its midpoint, and since N′L∥ACN'L \parallel AC and NN is symmetric to N′N' with respect to ACAC, the midpoint of NLNL lies on ACAC, as desired.

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