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Algebra Difficulty 5.0 AIME Prove it Romania

Consider positive real numbers m,n,a,b,cm, n, a, b, c, such that m>nm > n and manbc(mn)|ma - nb| \le c(m - n), mbnca(mn)|mb - nc| \le a(m - n), mcnab(mn)|mc - na| \le b(m - n). Prove that a=b=ca = b = c.

Lucian Petrescu

Solution

If x0x \ge 0, y0y \ge 0, and z0z \ge 0, then manb=c(mn)ma - nb = c(m - n) and analogously, we have
m(ac)=n(bc),m(ba)=n(ca),m(cb)=n(ab).() m(a - c) = n(b - c), \quad m(b - a) = n(c - a), \quad m(c - b) = n(a - b). \quad (*)
If all parentheses in ()(*) are nonzero, then we obtain m3(ac)(ba)(cb)=n3(bc)(ca)(ab)m^3(a-c)(b-a)(c-b) = -n^3(b-c)(c-a)(a-b), and therefore m=nm = -n, false. Thus at least one difference is zero, say ac=0a - c = 0. It follows that b=cb = c, hence a=b=ca = b = c.

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