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Iranian Mathematical Olympiad

Geometry Difficulty 5.9 AIME, harder Prove it Iran

Consider a triangle △ABC\triangle ABC with incenter II. Let DD be the intersection point of BIBI and ACAC, and let CICI intersect the circumcircle of △ABC\triangle ABC at MM. Point KK lies on the line MDMD such that ∠KIA=90∘\angle KIA = 90^\circ. Let FF be the reflection of BB with respect to CC. Prove that BIKFBIKF is cyclic.

Solution

Let EE be the intersection point of line MKMK and the circumcircle of △ABC\triangle ABC, then, since ∠BEM=∠C2\angle BEM = \frac{\angle C}{2} and ∠DIK=90−∠AID\angle DIK = 90 - \angle AID, so ∠BEM=∠DIK\angle BEM = \angle DIK, it follows that the points BB, II, KK, EE lie on a circle. Suppose BCBC intersects this circle at point F′F', other than BB. Let NN be the intersection point of line BDBD and the circumcircle of △ABC\triangle ABC and GG be where lines CMCM and BKBK meet.

Figure 1

Since MN⊥AIMN \perp AI, noting the parallel lines, we have
IKMN=IDDN. \frac{IK}{MN} = \frac{ID}{DN}.
Now we have
IDDN=sin⁡(∠C2)sin⁡(∠B2)⋅CINC, \frac{ID}{DN} = \frac{\sin(\frac{\angle C}{2})}{\sin(\frac{\angle B}{2})} \cdot \frac{CI}{NC},
and
CINC=BIMI, \frac{CI}{NC} = \frac{BI}{MI},
so we have
IKMN=sin⁡(∠C2)sin⁡(∠B2)⋅CINC=BIMI. \frac{IK}{MN} = \frac{\sin(\frac{\angle C}{2})}{\sin(\frac{\angle B}{2})} \cdot \frac{CI}{NC} = \frac{BI}{MI}.
On the other hand, since MI=MBMI = MB we have
MNMI=sin⁡(90∘−∠A2)sin⁡(∠C2). \frac{MN}{MI} = \frac{\sin(90^\circ - \frac{\angle A}{2})}{\sin(\frac{\angle C}{2})}.
So we get
KI⋅sin⁡(∠B2)=BI⋅sin⁡(90∘−∠A2), KI \cdot \sin(\frac{\angle B}{2}) = BI \cdot \sin(90^\circ - \frac{\angle A}{2}),
and that easily gives us S△MIB=S△MIKS_{\triangle MIB} = S_{\triangle MIK}. Then we have BG=GKBG = GK and since ∠KF′B=∠KID=∠C2\angle KF'B = \angle KID = \frac{\angle C}{2} we have KF′∥ICKF' \parallel IC so F′≡FF' \equiv F. Thus, BIKFBIKF is cyclic as desired. ■

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