Problem: Let x,y,z be real numbers, satisfying the relations ⎩⎨⎧x≥20y≥40z≥1675x+y+z=2015 Find the greatest value of the product P=x⋅y⋅z.
Solution
Solution: By virtue of z≥1675 we have y+z<2015⇔y<2015−z≤2015−1675<1675 It follows that (1675−y)⋅(1675−z)≤0⇔y⋅z≤1675⋅(y+z−1675). By using the inequality u⋅v≤(2u+v)2 for all real numbers u,v we obtain P=x⋅y⋅z≤1675⋅x⋅(y+z−1675)≤1675⋅(2x+y+z−1675)2=1675⋅(22015−1675)2=1675⋅1702=48407500 We have P=x⋅y⋅z=48407500⇔⎩⎨⎧x+y+z=2015,z=1675,x=y+z−1675⇔⎩⎨⎧x=170y=170z=1675 So, the greatest value of the product is P=x⋅y⋅z=48407500.
Let S={(x,y,z)∣x≥20,y≥40,z≥1675,x+y+z=2015} and Π={∣x⋅y⋅z∣∣(x,y,z)∈S}. We have to find the biggest element of Π. By using the given inequalities we obtain: ⎩⎨⎧20≤x≤30040≤y≤3201675≤z≤1955y<1000<z Let z=1675+d. Since x≤300 so (1675+d)⋅x=1675x+dx≤1675x+1675d=1675⋅(x+d). That means that if (x,y,1675+d)∈S then (x+d,y,1675)∈S, and x⋅y⋅(1675+d)≤(x+d)⋅y⋅1675. Therefore z=1675 must be for the greatest product. Furthermore, x⋅y≤(2x+y)2=(22015−1675)2=(2340)2=1702. Since (170,170,1675)∈S that means that the biggest element of Π is 170⋅170⋅1675=48407500
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