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Geometry Difficulty 6.0 AIME, harder Prove it Belarus

Two parallelograms ABCDABCD and NMKDNMKD are placed in the plane as it is shown in the figure; TT is the intersection point of the segments BCBC and MNMN. Prove that the points DD, TT, and the intersection point of AMAM and BKBK are collinear if the points AA, TT, and KK are collinear.

Figure 1

Solution

Construct the segment AKAK. By condition, TT lies on AKAK. Let RR be the intersection point of lines DTDT and KMKM (see the figures). Let AN=xAN = x, ND=yND = y, RM=zRM = z, AT:TK=1:kAT : TK = 1 : k. By Thales' theorem, k=TK:AT=y:xk = TK : AT = y : x (since NTDKNT \parallel DK). Since NMKDNMKD is a parallelogram, we have MK=ND=yMK = ND = y, and then
z:y=RM:MK=[TMDK]=RT:TD=[TCRK]=KC:CD= z : y = RM : MK = [TM \parallel DK] = RT : TD = [TC \parallel RK] = KC : CD =
=[TCAD]=KT:TA=k.(1) = [TC \parallel AD] = KT : TA = k. \quad (1)
So, y=kxy = kx, z=ky=k2xz = ky = k^2x. Let P1P_1 be the point of intersection of AMAM and RDRD (Fig. 1).

Figure 2

Figure 3

Construct a line passing through AA parallel to AMAM, and let Q1Q_1 be the point of intersection of this line and the line MKMK. By Thales' theorem,
RP1:P1D=RM:MQ1=[AMQ1D is a parallelogram,MQ1=AD=x+y]=z:(x+y)=k2x:(x+kx)=k21+k. \begin{gathered} RP_1 : P_1D = RM : MQ_1 = [AMQ_1D \text{ is a parallelogram,} \\ MQ_1 = AD = x + y] = z : (x + y) = k^2x : (x + kx) = \frac{k^2}{1+k}. \end{gathered}
Therefore,
RP1=k21+kP1D=k21+k(RDRP1)RP1=k21+k+k2RD.(2) RP_1 = \frac{k^2}{1+k} P_1D = \frac{k^2}{1+k} (RD - RP_1) \Rightarrow RP_1 = \frac{k^2}{1+k+k^2} RD. \quad (2)

Let P2P_2 be the point of intersection of the segments BKBK and RDRD (Fig. 2). Construct a line passing through TT parallel to BKBK, and let Q2Q_2 be the point of intersection of this line with the line MKMK. By Thales' theorem,
RP2:P2T=RK:KQ2=[BKQ2T,BTNA,NMKD is a parallelogram,] RP_2 : P_2T = RK : KQ_2 = [BKQ_2T, BTNA, \text{NMKD is a parallelogram,}]
KQ2=BT=AN=x,MK=ND=y]=(z+y):x=(k2+k). KQ_2 = BT = AN = x, MK = ND = y] = (z + y) : x = (k^2 + k).
Therefore,
RP2=(k2+k)P2T=k(k+1)(RTRP2)     RP_2 = (k^2 + k)P_2T = k(k + 1)(RT - RP_2) \implies
RP2=k(k+1)k2+k+1RT=[RT=kTD=k(RDRT)     RP_2 = \frac{k(k+1)}{k^2+k+1}RT = [RT = kTD = k(RD - RT) \implies
RT=kk+1RD]=k2k2+k+1RD. RT = \frac{k}{k+1}RD] = \frac{k^2}{k^2+k+1}RD.
Comparing this result with (2), we see that P1P_1 coincides with P2P_2, and so they coincide with PP, which gives the required statement.

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