Real numbers x, y and z satisfy x+y+z=4 and x1+y1+z1=31. Find the largest and the smallest possible value of the expression x3+y3+z3+xyz.
Solution
(x+y+z)3=x3+y3+z3+3(x2y+xy2+x2z+y2z+y2x+xyz)+6xyz, while (3(x+y+z)(x1+y1+z1)xyz=3(x+y+z)(xy+xz+yz)=3(x2y+xy2+x2z+xz2+y2z+yz2)+9xyz. Thus (x+y+z)3−3(x+y+z)(x1+y1+z1)xyz=x3+y3+z3−3xyz. By assumptions, x+y+z=4 and x1+y1+z1=31. Hence 64−4xyz=x3+y3+z3−3xyz, implying x3+y3+z3+xyz=64. Consequently, the expression x3+y3+z3+xyz has only one value 64.
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Source: MathNet,
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