GeometryDifficulty 6.2National OlympiadProve itSoviet Union
Problem: Given point O inside the acute-angled triangle ABC, and point O′ inside the acute-angled triangle A′B′C′. D, E, F are the feet of the perpendiculars from O to BC, CA, AB respectively, and D′, E′, F′ are the feet of the perpendiculars from O′ to B′C′, C′A′, A′B′ respectively. OD is parallel to O′A′, OE is parallel to O′B′ and OF is parallel to O′C′. Also OD−O′A′=OE−O′B′=OF−O′C′. Prove that O′D′ is parallel to OA, O′E′ to OB and O′F′ to OC, and that O′D′⋅OA=O′E′⋅OB=O′F′⋅OC.
Solution
Solution: Let Γ be the circumcircle of DEF. Let OD, OE, OF meet it again at A′′, B′′, C′′ respectively. Then the figure O′A′B′C′ must be similar to OA′′B′′C′′. So to prove that OD is parallel to O′A′, we have to prove that AO is perpendicular to B′′C′′.
So AO meets B′′C′′ at D′′. Now since □AFC′′=900 and □AD′′C′′=900, both F and D′ lie on the circle diameter AC′′. Hence AO−OD′′=OF−OC′′. Similarly, BO meets C′′A′′ at E′′, and CO meets A′′B′′ at F′′, and BO−OE′′=OD−OA′′ and CO−OF′′=OE−OB′′. Hence OD′′⋅OA=OE′′⋅OB=OF′′⋅OC. So using the similarity, OD′−OA=OE′−OB=OF′−OC.
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