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All-Soviet-Union Mathematical Olympiad

Geometry Difficulty 6.2 National Olympiad Prove it Soviet Union

Problem:
Given point OO inside the acute-angled triangle ABCABC, and point O′O' inside the acute-angled triangle A′B′C′A'B'C'. DD, EE, FF are the feet of the perpendiculars from OO to BCBC, CACA, ABAB respectively, and D′D', E′E', F′F' are the feet of the perpendiculars from O′O' to B′C′B'C', C′A′C'A', A′B′A'B' respectively. ODOD is parallel to O′A′O'A', OEOE is parallel to O′B′O'B' and OFOF is parallel to O′C′O'C'. Also OD−O′A′=OE−O′B′=OF−O′C′OD - O'A' = OE - O'B' = OF - O'C'. Prove that O′D′O'D' is parallel to OAOA, O′E′O'E' to OBOB and O′F′O'F' to OCOC, and that O′D′⋅OA=O′E′⋅OB=O′F′⋅OCO'D' \cdot OA = O'E' \cdot OB = O'F' \cdot OC.

Solution

Solution:
Figure 1
Let Γ\Gamma be the circumcircle of DEFDEF. Let ODOD, OEOE, OFOF meet it again at A′′A'', B′′B'', C′′C'' respectively. Then the figure O′A′B′C′O'A'B'C' must be similar to OA′′B′′C′′OA''B''C''. So to prove that ODOD is parallel to O′A′O'A', we have to prove that AOAO is perpendicular to B′′C′′B''C''.

So AOAO meets B′′C′′B''C'' at D′′D''. Now since □AFC′′=900\square AFC'' = 90^{0} and □AD′′C′′=900\square AD''C'' = 90^{0}, both FF and D′D' lie on the circle diameter AC′′AC''. Hence AO−OD′′=OF−OC′′AO - OD'' = OF - OC''. Similarly, BOBO meets C′′A′′C''A'' at E′′E'', and COCO meets A′′B′′A''B'' at F′′F'', and BO−OE′′=OD−OA′′BO - OE'' = OD - OA'' and CO−OF′′=OE−OB′′CO - OF'' = OE - OB''. Hence OD′′⋅OA=OE′′⋅OB=OF′′⋅OCOD'' \cdot OA = OE'' \cdot OB = OF'' \cdot OC. So using the similarity, OD′−OA=OE′−OB=OF′−OCOD' - OA = OE' - OB = OF' - OC.

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