GeometryDifficulty 5.2AIME, harderProve itUnited States
Problem:
Triangle ABC has AB=5, BC=7, and CA=8. New lines not containing but parallel to AB, BC, and CA are drawn tangent to the incircle of ABC. What is the area of the hexagon formed by the sides of the original triangle and the newly drawn lines?
Solution
Solution:
Answer: 5313
From the law of cosines we compute ∡A=cos−1(2(5)(8)52+82−72)=60∘. Using brackets to denote the area of a region, we find that [ABC]=21AB⋅AC⋅sin60∘=103 The radius of the incircle can be computed by the formula r=AB+BC+CA2[ABC]=20203=3 Now the height from A to BC is BC2[ABC]=7203. Then the height from A to DE is 7203−2r=763. Then [ADE]=(203/763/7)2[ABC]=1009[ABC]. Here, we use the fact that △ABC and △ADE are similar.
Similarly, we compute that the height from B to CA is CA2[ABC]=8203=253. Then the height from B to HJ is 253−2r=23. Then [BHJ]=(53/23/2)2[ABC]=251[ABC].
Finally, we compute that the height from C to AB is 52[ABC]=5203=43. Then the height from C to FG is 43−2r=23. Then [CFG]=(4323)2[ABC]=41[ABC].
Finally we can compute the area of hexagon DEFGHJ. We have [DEFGHJ]=[ABC]−[ADE]−[BHJ]−[CFG]=[ABC](1−1009−251−41)=[ABC](5031)=103(5031)=5313.
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Source: MathNet,
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