Find all positive integers for which there exists a rectangle, such that the lengths of its sides are positive integers while its perimeter equals and is equal to the area of the rectangle.
Solution
Let and be the lengths of the sides of a rectangle that satisfies the conditions. Then . This equality can be rewritten as . Now we can express in terms of :
Since and are positive integers, the number must divide . On the other hand is greater than , so we conclude that it can only be equal to or . Thus, equals or and , respectively, equals or . The first case is not a valid solution since is not a positive integer. In the second and fourth case we get , in the third case .
Want a route through all this instead of an archive? The track
puts 2,000 problems in a working order, from AMC 10 level to the IMO shortlist.