Problem:
Let be a parallelogram, a point on , and a point on . Let also , , , and . Show that .
Problem:
Let be a parallelogram, a point on , and a point on . Let also , , , and . Show that .
Solution:
Let be the intersection of the diagonals. Let be on such that , and let be on such that . Let be the central symmetry with center . Let , , .
Let , , , and . Then: , , , and .
Since and are the diagonals of the parallelogram , and are the diagonals of the parallelogram , and and are the diagonals of the parallelogram , it follows that the points (figure 2) are collinear and they lie on the line passing through the midpoints of and of . The diagonals and of the quadrilateral intersect at and the diagonals and intersect at . Since the midpoint of is on the line , it follows that the quadrilateral is a trapezoid. Hence, is parallel to and the midpoint of lies on the line (figure 2).

Figure 11
Similarly is parallel to and its midpoint lies on . So is a parallelogram whose diagonals intersect at .
Similarly, is a parallelogram whose diagonals intersect at .
All these imply that and are collinear, i.e. lies on the line . This implies that , and since , the conclusion follows.

Figure 12
Solution:
Let the line through the points intersect the lines at points respectively. Applying Menelaus' Theorem to the triangles , with intersecting line in both cases we get:
But it is true that and .
It follows that , i.e. , hence (since ).
Then of course by the similarity of the triangles and we get the desired equality .

Figure 13