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Geometry Difficulty 8.1 Shortlist Prove it Romania

Let γ\gamma be a circle, and let PP be a point in its plane, not situated on γ\gamma. Two variable lines \ell and \ell' through PP meet γ\gamma at XX and YY, and XX' and YY', respectively. Show that the line through the centres of the circles PXYPXY' and PXYPX'Y passes through a fixed point.

Solution

Let the circles PXYPXY' and PXYPX'Y meet again at QQ. A suitable inversion of pole PP sends the circles PXYPXY' and PXYPX'Y onto the lines XYXY' and XYX'Y, respectively, while leaving γ\gamma invariant. The image of QQ under this inversion is the point RR where the lines XYXY' and XYX'Y meet. Upon inversion, the locus of RR — the polar of PP relative to γ\gamma — transforms into the circle on diameter OPOP, where OO is the centre of γ\gamma. Consequently, the lines OQOQ and PQPQ are perpendicular, so the line through the centres of the circles PXYPXY' and PXYPX'Y, which is the perpendicular bisector of the segment PQPQ, passes through the midpoint of the segment OPOP. The conclusion follows.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.