Maths Olympiad Prep

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Geometry Difficulty 6.0 AIME, harder Prove it Belarus

A convex quadrilateral ABCDABCD has the incircle ω\omega. The diagonal ACAC intersects ω\omega at the points PP and QQ. Let MM and NN be the midpoints of the arcs PQPQ of ω\omega such that the points BB and MM lie in one halfplane with respect to the line ACAC while the points DD and NN — in another.
Prove that the lines BMBM, DNDN and ACAC are concurrent.

Solution

Without loss of generality assume that PP lies between AA and QQ. Let the line passing through MM parallel to ACAC intersect the sides ABAB and BCBC at the points KK and LL respectively. Since MM is the midpoint of the arc PQPQ, the line KLKL is parallel to ACAC whence ω\omega is the tangency point of BB-excircle of the triangle BKLBKL. Thus the point X=BMACX = BM \cap AC is the tangency point of BB-excircle of the triangle BACBAC. Therefore
2AX=AC+BCAB=AC+CPCQAPAQ, 2AX = AC + BC - AB = AC + \sqrt{CP \cdot CQ} - \sqrt{AP \cdot AQ},
we used the fact that the difference BCABBC - AB equals to the difference between the lengths of the tangents from CC and AA to ω\omega.
Note that 2AX2AX doesn't depend on ω\omega, this circle must only pass through PP and QQ. Therefore if Y=DMACY = DM \cap AC then 2AX=2AY2AX = 2AY, i.e. X=YX = Y and BMBM, DNDN and ACAC are concurrent.

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