Maths Olympiad Prep

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Number theory Difficulty 4.3 AIME Prove it United States

Problem:
Find all pairs (m,n)(m, n) of natural numbers such that 200m+6n=2006200 m + 6 n = 2006.

Solution

Solution:
First we divide both sides of the equation by 22 and get: 100m+3n=1003100 m + 3 n = 1003.

Since mm and nn are natural numbers we immediately get that m10m \leq 10.

Since 3n3 n is divisible by 33 and 10031003 gives remainder 11 upon division by 33, we conclude that 100m100 m must also give the remainder 11 upon division by 33.

Since 100m=99m+m100 m = 99 m + m and 99m99 m is divisible by 33 we see that mm must give remainder 11 when divided by 33.

Thus mm has to be one of the numbers 1,4,7,101, 4, 7, 10.

Corresponding nn's are 301,201,101301, 201, 101 and 11, respectively.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.