Maths Olympiad Prep

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Combinatorics Difficulty 5.7 AIME, harder Prove it United States

Problem:

In a classroom, 34 students are seated in 5 rows of 7 chairs. The place at the center of the room is unoccupied. A teacher decides to reassign the seats such that each student will occupy a chair adjacent to his/her present one (i.e. move one desk forward, back, left or right). In how many ways can this reassignment be made?

Solution

Solution:

Color the chairs red and black in checkerboard fashion, with the center chair black. Then all 18 red chairs are initially occupied. Also notice that adjacent chairs have different colors. It follows that we need 18 black chairs to accommodate the reassignment, but there are only 17 of them. Thus, the answer is 0.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.