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Geometry Difficulty 8.4 Shortlist Prove it Turkey

Let HH be the orthocenter of an acute triangle ABCABC. The circumcircle of ABCABC and the circle with a diameter [AH][AH] meet at a point EE which is different from AA. Let MM be the midpoint of the smaller arc BCBC of circumcircle of triangle ABCABC, and NN be the midpoint of the greater arc BCBC of circumcircle of triangle BHCBHC. Prove that the points EE, HH, MM, NN are concyclic.

Solution

Let the lines EMEM and BCBC meet at KK, HVHV and BCBC meet at PP. By the Power Rule in circumcircle of triangle ABCABC, we get BKKC=EKKMBK \cdot KC = EK \cdot KM, and by the Power Rule in circumcircle of triangle BHCBHC, we get BPPC=HPPNBP \cdot PC = HP \cdot PN. If we show that P=KP = K, then we obtain that EKKM=HKKNEK \cdot KM = HK \cdot KN, which implies that by the Power Rule again, the points HH, EE, MM, NN are concyclic. Using the Bisector Theorem, P=KP = K is equivalent to BE/EC=BH/HCBE/EC = BH/HC.

Figure 1

W.L.O.G. let the point EE be on the smaller arc ABAB of circumcircle of triangle ABCABC. Let the lines CHCH and ABAB meet at DD, the lines BHBH and ACAC meet at FF. It is clear that the points DD and FF are on the circle with diameter [AH][AH]. By angle chasing, we obtain that ADE=AFE\angle ADE = \angle AFE and hence EDB=EFC\angle EDB = \angle EFC. On the other hand, we get DBE=ABE=ACE=FCE\angle DBE = \angle ABE = \angle ACE = \angle FCE. This means that EDBEFC\triangle EDB \sim \triangle EFC. Therefore, we have BE/EC=BD/FCBE/EC = BD/FC (1). Since BDH=CFH=90\angle BDH = \angle CFH = 90^\circ and DHB=FHC\angle DHB = \angle FHC, we obtain that

ΔBDHΔCFH\Delta BDH \sim \Delta CFH. Using the similarity, we conclude that BD/FC=BH/HCBD/FC = BH/HC (2). Using (1) and (2), we are done.

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