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Number theory Difficulty 4.6 AIME Prove it North Macedonia
The ratios 363a5b and 454c7d are positive integers, where a,b,c,d are digits. Order all numbers of this kind by size.
Solution
The ratios 363a5b and 454c7d are positive integers if 3a5b is divisible by 36 (hence by 4 and 9) and 4c7d is divisible by 45 (hence by 5 and 9).
3a5b is divisible by 36 if the last digit is 2 or 6 and because 3a5b is divisible by 9 the only two possible cases are 363456=96 and 363852=107.
4c7d is divisible by 45 if the last digit is 0 or 5 and because 4c7d is divisible by 9 the only two possible cases are 454275=95 and 454770=106.
Now we obtain the desired ordering 454275<363456<454770<363852.
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