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Estonian Mathematical Olympiad

Geometry Difficulty 5.4 AIME, harder Prove it Estonia

In an acute triangle ABCABC with AB<ACAB < AC, the altitudes BEBE and CFCF intersect at HH. The tangent to the circumcircle of ABCABC at AA intersects the circumcircle of AEFAEF at T≠AT \neq A. The circumcircles of TBETBE and TCFTCF intersect at K≠TK \neq T. Prove that ∠KHB=∠ABC\angle KHB = \angle ABC.

Solutions — 2

Solution 1

From ∠HEA=90∘=180∘−90∘=180∘−∠HFA\angle HEA = 90^\circ = 180^\circ - 90^\circ = 180^\circ - \angle HFA (Fig. 5) we deduce that AEHFAEHF is cyclic. By definition, TT lies on this circle as well, so
∠THE=180∘−∠TAE=180∘−∠TAC=∠ABC, \angle THE = 180^\circ - \angle TAE = 180^\circ - \angle TAC = \angle ABC,
where the final equality is due to the tangent-chord theorem.

Let K′K' be the intersection of the lines THTH and BCBC (Fig. 6). It's sufficient to show that K′=KK' = K or that K′K' lies on the circumcircles of TBETBE and TCFTCF, as we have ∠K′HB=∠THE=∠ABC\angle K'HB = \angle THE = \angle ABC. To show this we notice that
∠ETK′=∠ETH=∠EAH=∠CAH=90∘−∠ACB=∠EBC=∠EBK′, \angle ETK' = \angle ETH = \angle EAH = \angle CAH = 90^\circ - \angle ACB = \angle EBC = \angle EBK',
Figure 1
Fig. 5
Figure 2
Fig. 6

which shows that the points TT, BB, K′K' and EE are concyclic. Analogously we show that TT, CC, K′K' and FF are concyclic. Thus K′=KK' = K, as desired.

Solution 2

Analogously to Solution 1 we show that ∠THE=∠ABC\angle THE = \angle ABC.

Since ∠BEC=∠BFC=90∘\angle BEC = \angle BFC = 90^\circ, we see that BCEFBCEF is cyclic. Thus the lines TKTK, BEBE and CFCF are the radical axes of the circumcircles of BCEFBCEF, TCFTCF and TBETBE. As these intersect at a point, we have that HH lies on the line TKTK. This yields ∠KHB=∠THE=∠ABC\angle KHB = \angle THE = \angle ABC, as desired.

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