Maths Olympiad Prep

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Geometry Difficulty 6.6 National Olympiad Prove it Spain

Let ABCABC be a triangle. DD is the foot of the internal bisector of the angle AA. The perpendicular from DD to the tangent ATAT (TT belongs to BCBC) to the circumscribed circle of ABCABC intersects the altitude AHaAH_a at the point II (HaH_a belongs to BCBC). If PP is the midpoint of ABAB and OO is the circumcenter of ABC\triangle ABC, TITI intersects ABAB at MM and PTPT intersects ADAD at FF, prove that MFMF is perpendicular to AOAO.

Solution

Let QQ be the midpoint of ACAC and NN the intersection of ADAD and PQPQ. Then NN is the midpoint of ADAD. As DEDE is perpendicular to ATAT, being EE the intersection point of DIDI and ATAT, and as OAOA is perpendicular to ATAT, we get that DEDE is parallel to OAOA, and so the angles OANOAN and ADEADE are equal. Indeed, OAQ=BAH\angle OAQ = \angle BAH because OAQ=180COA2=90COA2=90B=BAH\angle OAQ = \frac{180^\circ - \angle COA}{2} = 90^\circ - \frac{\angle COA}{2} = 90^\circ - B = \angle BAH. Moreover, BAD=DAC\angle BAD = \angle DAC and hence OAN=HAD=ADE\angle OAN = \angle HAD = \angle ADE. As a consequence, triangles ADEADE and DAHDAH are congruent.
Figure 1

In particular angle DATDAT equals to angle HADHAD, that is, ATDATD is isosceles and point II is the orthocenter of ABC\triangle ABC. So, TITI is perpendicular to ADAD, and the intersection point of TITI and ADAD is the midpoint of ADAD, say NN. The four points M,N,I,TM, N, I, T are collinear. We will apply the Ceva theorem in the triangle APTAPT with the cevians PN,ADPN, AD and TMTM. We get
FPFT1MAPMPFTF=MPMA \frac{FP}{FT} \cdot 1 \cdot \frac{MA}{PM} \Leftrightarrow \frac{PF}{TF} = \frac{MP}{MA}

(Observe that NPNP cuts ATAT in its midpoint) So, MFMF is parallel to ATAT, and from this MFMF is perpendicular to AOAO, as claimed.

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