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Geometry Difficulty 8.6 Shortlist Prove it Vietnam

Let BB, CC be two fixed points on the fixed circle (O)(O) (BCBC is not the diameter of (O)(O)). Point AA moves on (O)(O) such that AB>BCAB > BC and MM is the midpoint of ACAC. The circle of diameter BMBM intersects (O)(O) at RR. Suppose that RMRM intersects (O)(O) at the second point QQ and cuts BCBC at PP. The circle of diameter BPBP intersects ABAB, BOBO at the second points KK, SS respectively.

1. Prove that SRSR passes through the midpoint of KPKP.

2. Denote NN as the midpoint of BCBC. The radical axis of two circles of diameter ANAN, BMBM intersects SRSR at EE. Prove that MEME always passes through a certain fixed point when AA moves on (O)(O).

Solution

1) It is easy to check that BQBQ is the diameter of circle (O)(O). Denote II as the intersection of SRSR and PKPK. We have
SPI=SBK=QCA \angle SPI = \angle SBK = \angle QCA
and
PSI=PBR=CQR. \angle PSI = \angle PBR = \angle CQR.
This implies that two triangles PSIPSI and CQMCQM are similar. By the same way, we also have two triangles KSIKSI and AQMAQM are similar. But MM is the midpoint of the segment ACAC then II is the midpoint of PKPK.

2) Redefine point EE as the projection of CC to ABAB. Denote HH as the intersection of the altitudes ADAD, BLBL of triangle ABCABC. Note that the quadrilateral LMNDLMND is cyclic then CMCL=CNCDCM \cdot CL = CN \cdot CD and HAHD=HBHLHA \cdot HD = HB \cdot HL, which implies that CHCH is the radical axis of two circles of diameter ANAN and BMBM. We have EE belongs to CHCH then it also belongs to the radical axis of two circles of diameter ANAN and BMBM. Since BEH=BRP=90\angle BEH = \angle BRP = 90^\circ then the quadrilateral BHERBHER is cyclic, thus
HRE=EBH=OBC=PBS=PRS \angle HRE = \angle EBH = \angle OBC = \angle PBS = \angle PRS
which implies that SS, RR, EE are collinear. Then EE is the intersection of SRSR and the radical axis of two circles of diameter ANAN, BMBM. Denote XX as the intersection of EMEM and BQBQ. Let TT be the midpoint of segment BCBC then the quadrilateral ETMLETML is cyclic. Thus
MEC=90MET=90ALT=90BAC=BAL=BCQ. \angle MEC = 90^\circ - \angle MET = 90^\circ - \angle ALT = 90^\circ - \angle BAC = \angle BAL = \angle BCQ.
This means that the quadrilateral BCXEBCXE is cyclic, and then BXC=BEC=90\angle BXC = BEC = 90^\circ. Therefore, XX is the projection of CC onto BQBQ, which is a fixed point and the line EMEM passes through XX.

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