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Geometry Difficulty 5.9 AIME, harder Prove it Romania

Consider triangle ABCABC with m(B)=30m(\angle B) = 30^\circ, m(C)=15m(\angle C) = 15^\circ and MM the midpoint of the side [BC][BC]. Let N(BC)N \in (BC) be such that [NC]=[AB][NC] = [AB]. Show that [AN][AN] is the bisector of the angle MACMAC.

Solution

Let PP be the point where the perpendicular bisector of the segment [BC][BC] meets ABAB. Then m(PCB)=30m(\angle PCB) = 30^\circ, m(PCA)=15m(\angle PCA) = 15^\circ and m(MPC)=60m(\angle MPC) = 60^\circ.
Figure 1

Since PC=PBPC = PB and NC=ABNC = AB, it follows that APNC=BPBC\frac{AP}{NC} = \frac{BP}{BC}, that is PAPB=CNCB\frac{PA}{PB} = \frac{CN}{CB}, whence ANPCAN \parallel PC.
Since PC=2PMPC = 2PM (the right triangle MPCMPC has an angle of 3030^\circ), PAAB=PCBC=2PM2BM=PMBM\frac{PA}{AB} = \frac{PC}{BC} = \frac{2PM}{2BM} = \frac{PM}{BM} so, using the converse of the Bisector Theorem, [MA[MA is the bisector of the angle BMPBMP.

Then 45=m(AMB)=m(ANB)+m(MAN)45^\circ = m(\angle AMB) = m(\angle ANB) + m(\angle MAN), and, since ANPCAN \parallel PC yields m(ANB)=30m(\angle ANB) = 30^\circ, m(MAN)=15m(\angle MAN) = 15^\circ. From m(BAN)=m(BPC)=120m(\angle BAN) = m(\angle BPC) = 120^\circ and m(BAC)=135m(\angle BAC) = 135^\circ follows that m(CAN)=15=m(MAN)m(\angle CAN) = 15^\circ = m(\angle MAN), that is [AN[AN is the bisector of the angle MACMAC.

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