B T / B M = 2 BT/BM = \sqrt{2} B T / B M = 2 。
令 S S S 為平行四邊形 B P T M BPTM B P T M 的中心, 並令點 B ′ ≠ B B' \neq B B ′ = B 是在射線 B M BM B M 上滿足 B M = M B ′ BM = MB' B M = M B ′ 的點, 如圖 1 所示。易知 A B C B ′ ABCB' A B C B ′ 為平行四邊形。
圖 1
所以, ∠ A B B ′ = ∠ P Q M \angle ABB' = \angle PQM ∠ A B B ′ = ∠ P QM , 以及 ∠ B B ′ A = ∠ B ′ B C = ∠ M P Q \angle BB'A = \angle B'BC = \angle MPQ ∠ B B ′ A = ∠ B ′ B C = ∠ M P Q , 由此得 △ A B B ′ ∼ △ M Q P \triangle ABB' \sim \triangle MQP △ A B B ′ ∼ △ M QP 。於是 A M AM A M 與 M S MS M S 分別是這兩個相似三角形對應邊的中線。可知
∠ S M P = ∠ B ′ A M = ∠ B C A = ∠ B T A . ( 1 )
\angle SMP = \angle B'AM = \angle BCA = \angle BTA. \quad (1)
∠ S M P = ∠ B ′ A M = ∠ B C A = ∠ B T A . ( 1 )
因為 ∠ A C T = ∠ P B T \angle ACT = \angle PBT ∠ A C T = ∠ P B T ,以及 ∠ T A C = ∠ T B C = ∠ B T P \angle TAC = \angle TBC = \angle BTP ∠ T A C = ∠ T B C = ∠ B T P ,可得 △ T C A ∼ △ P B T \triangle TCA \sim \triangle PBT △ T C A ∼ △ P B T 。再一次,T M TM T M 與 P S PS P S 分別是這兩個相似三角形對應邊的中線,可知
∠ M T A = ∠ T P S = ∠ B Q P = ∠ B M P . ( 2 )
\angle MTA = \angle TPS = \angle BQP = \angle BMP. \quad (2)
∠ M T A = ∠ T P S = ∠ B QP = ∠ B M P . ( 2 )
以下分兩種情況討論。
Case 1. S S S 不在 B M BM B M 線上。因為 A A A 、C C C 兩點的角色是對稱的, 我們不妨假設 S S S 與 A A A 位於 B M BM B M 直線的同側。
利用 (1) 及 (2), 得∠ B M S = ∠ B M P − ∠ S M P = ∠ M T A − ∠ B T A = ∠ M T B ,
\angle BMS = \angle BMP - \angle SMP = \angle MTA - \angle BTA = \angle MTB,
∠ B M S = ∠ B M P − ∠ S M P = ∠ M T A − ∠ B T A = ∠ M T B , 故兩三角形 B S M BSM B S M 與 B M T BMT B M T 相似。於是 B M 2 = B S ⋅ B T = B T 2 / 2 BM^2 = BS \cdot BT = BT^2/2 B M 2 = B S ⋅ B T = B T 2 /2 ,即B T = 2 B M BT = \sqrt{2}BM B T = 2 B M
Case 2. S S S 落在 B M BM B M 線上。由 (2) 知 ∠ B C A = ∠ M T A = ∠ B Q P = ∠ B M P \angle BCA = \angle MTA = \angle BQP = \angle BMP ∠ B C A = ∠ M T A = ∠ B QP = ∠ B M P (如圖 2 所示)。所以 P Q ∥ A C PQ \parallel AC P Q ∥ A C , 且 P M ∥ A T PM \parallel AT P M ∥ A T 。於是 B S / B M = B P / B A = B M / B T BS/BM = BP/BA = BM/BT B S / B M = B P / B A = B M / B T , 一樣得到 B T 2 = 2 B M 2 BT^2 = 2BM^2 B T 2 = 2 B M 2 , 所以 B T = 2 B M BT = \sqrt{2}BM B T = 2 B M 。
圖 2