Problem:
How many integers between and inclusive cannot be written as , where and have no common factors and neither nor is equal to ? Note that there are primes less than .
Problem:
How many integers between and inclusive cannot be written as , where and have no common factors and neither nor is equal to ? Note that there are primes less than .
Solution:
A number cannot be written in the given form if and only if it is a power of a prime. We can see this by considering the prime factorization. Suppose that , with primes. Then we can write and . So, we want to find the powers of primes that are less than or equal to .
There are primes, as given in the problem statement. The squares of primes are . The cubes of primes are . The fourth powers of primes are . The fifth powers of primes are . The sixth powers of primes are . There are no seventh or higher powers of primes between and . This adds non-primes to the list, so that in total there are such integers.