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Geometry Difficulty 7.8 National olympiad, round 2 Prove it China

In triangle ABCABC the bisector of angle BCABCA intersects the circumcircle at RR, the perpendicular bisector of BCBC at PP, and the perpendicular bisector of ACAC at QQ. The midpoint of BCBC is KK and the midpoint of ACAC is LL. Prove that the triangles RPKRPK and RQLRQL have the same area.

Solution

If AC=BCAC = BC, ABC\triangle ABC is an isosceles triangle, and CRCR is the symmetry axis of RQL\triangle RQL and RPK\triangle RPK. The conclusion is obviously true.

If ACBCAC \ne BC, without loss of generality, let AC<BCAC < BC. Denote the center of circumcircle of ABC\triangle ABC by OO.

Since the right triangles CQLCQL and CPKCPK are similar,
Figure 1
CPK=CQL=OQP, and QLPK=CQCP. \angle CPK = \angle CQL = \angle OQP, \text{ and } \frac{QL}{PK} = \frac{CQ}{CP}. \quad ①
Let ll be the perpendicular bisector of CRCR, then OO is on ll.
Since OPQ\triangle OPQ is an isosceles triangle, PP and QQ are two points symmetrical about ll on CRCR.
So
RP=CQandRQ=CP.2 RP = CQ \quad \text{and} \quad RQ = CP. \qquad \textcircled{2}
By ①, ②,
S(RQL)S(RPK)=12RQQLsinRQL12RPPKsinRPK=RQRPQLPK=CPCQCQCP=1. \begin{aligned} \frac{S(\triangle RQL)}{S(\triangle RPK)} &= \frac{\frac{1}{2} \cdot RQ \cdot QL \cdot \sin \angle RQL}{\frac{1}{2} \cdot RP \cdot PK \cdot \sin \angle RPK} \\ &= \frac{RQ}{RP} \cdot \frac{QL}{PK} = \frac{CP}{CQ} \cdot \frac{CQ}{CP} = 1. \end{aligned}
Hence the two triangles have the same area.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement and solution reproduced as published; topic and difficulty added by this site.