A diagonal line of a (not necessarily convex) polygon with at least four sides is any line through two non-adjacent vertices of that polygon. Determine all polygons with at least four sides satisfying the following condition: The reflexion of each vertex in each diagonal line lies inside or on the boundary of the polygon.
Solution
Begin by noticing that is convex: Otherwise, the convex hull of would have a side whose line of support is a diagonal line of ( and are, of course, non-adjacent vertices of and there might virtually be other vertices or even sides of along the line segment ). The reflexion of a third vertex of , and hence of , in the line would then fall outside , and hence outside , contradicting the vertex reflexion condition satisfies.
Next, let , and be consecutive vertices of , and let be a fourth vertex. Since the reflexions of and in the line do not fall outside , it follows that is the internal bisectrix of the angle , and, by convexity, and are reflexions of one another in the line .
Consequently, is a convex quadrangle such that and are reflexions of one another in the line , and and are reflexions of one another in the line ; that is, is a lozenge (rhombus).