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Geometry Difficulty 7.3 National Olympiad, round 2 Prove it Hong Kong

Given finitely many points in a plane, it is known that the area of the triangle formed by any three points of the set is less than 11. Show that all points of the set lie inside or on the boundary of a triangle with area less than 44.

Solution

Let AA, BB, CC be points in SS such that [ABC][ABC] is maximized. Let 1\ell_1 be the line passing through AA which is parallel to BCBC. If there exists a point XSX \in S which lies on a different side of 1\ell_1 as BB, then the distance from XX to BCBC is greater than that from AA to BCBC. This yields the contradiction [XBC]>[ABC][XBC] > [ABC]. Therefore, XX must lie on the same side of 1\ell_1 as BB.

Figure 1

Similarly, let 2\ell_2 be the line passing through BB which is parallel to CACA, and let 3\ell_3 be the line passing through CC which is parallel to ABAB. Then any point in SS must lie inside the triangle DEF\triangle DEF bounded by 1\ell_1, 2\ell_2, 3\ell_3. Note that ABC\triangle ABC is the median triangle of DEF\triangle DEF. So [DEF]=4[ABC]<4[DEF] = 4[ABC] < 4. Thus, we can simply take DEF\triangle DEF.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.