Given rational number , , are coprime positive integers, and divides . The number of such rational numbers is ______.
Solution
Suppose set .
We consider the reduced fractional form of any element of . Since the standard factorization of is , we can set , , where and , , .
Therefore, there are ways to take such number pair , ways to take number pair , and ways to take number pair .
As a result, the number of the elements of is .
All the rational numbers satisfying the conditions are . Notice that if and only if . In particular, . Therefore, the elements in can be matched into
pairs according to the product of , and each pair has exactly one number belonging to , that is, there is exactly one number satisfying the conditions. Thus, the number of desired rational numbers is .
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