Olympiad Maths Prep

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, 2010

Geometry Difficulty 5.6 AIME, harder Prove it Ukraine

The diagonals of a cyclic quadrilateral ABCDABCD are perpendicular. Points K,L,M,QK, L, M, Q are the orthocenters of the triangles ABDABD, ACDACD, BCDBCD, ABCABC respectively. Prove that quadrilaterals KLMQKLMQ and ABCDABCD are equal.

Solution

Let the diagonals of the quadrilateral ABCDABCD intersect at OO. Altitudes of the triangles BCDBCD and ACDACD lie on ACAC, so their orthocenters KK and MM too. Analogously, points LL, QQ lie on BCBC (Fig.06).

Note that BKCLBK \parallel CL, because BKADBK \perp AD and CLADCL \perp AD. It follows that BKC=KCL=ACL=90CAD=90DBC=90OBC=BCK\angle BKC = \angle KCL = \angle ACL = 90^\circ - \angle CAD = 90^\circ - \angle DBC = 90^\circ - \angle OBC = \angle BCK.

Figure 1
Fig.06

Now it's easy to see that LOC=BOC=BOK\triangle LOC = \triangle BOC = \triangle BOK, which implies OC=OKOC = OK and BO=OLBO = OL. Since CKCLCK \perp CL it follows that the quadrilateral LCBDLCBD is a rhombus. Analogously, the quadrilateral ADMQADMQ is a rhombus too. Finally, we have that the quadrilateral KLMQKLMQ is an image of ABCDABCD according to the central symmetry relative to the point OO, which implies that the quadrilaterals KLMQKLMQ and ABCDABCD are equal.

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