Maths Olympiad Prep

Library / /622 of 740

, 2019

Geometry Difficulty 5.4 AIME, harder Prove it United States

Problem:

For breakfast, Milan is eating a piece of toast shaped like an equilateral triangle. On the piece of toast rests a single sesame seed that is one inch away from one side, two inches away from another side, and four inches away from the third side. He places a circular piece of cheese on top of the toast that is tangent to each side of the triangle. What is the area of this piece of cheese?

Solution

Solution:

Suppose the toast has side length ss. If we draw the three line segments from the sesame seed to the three vertices of the triangle, we partition the triangle into three smaller triangles, with areas s2\frac{s}{2}, ss, and 2s2s, so the entire piece of toast has area 7s2\frac{7s}{2}. Suppose the cheese has radius rr. We similarly see that the toast has area 3rs2\frac{3rs}{2}. Equating these, we see that r=73r = \frac{7}{3}, so the area of the cheese is π(73)2=49π9\pi\left(\frac{7}{3}\right)^2 = \frac{49\pi}{9}.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.