Problem:
Show that the equation
has infinitely many solutions in integers .
Solution
Solution:
We seek solutions which are in arithmetic progression. Let us put so that the equation reduces to the form
Thus we get . We conclude that is 3 times a square. This is satisfied if for some . Thus and giving us . Thus we can take . From this we obtain . It is easily verified that
is indeed a solution for a fixed and this gives an infinite set of solutions as varies over natural numbers.
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