Let △ABC be a triangle. The external and internal angle bisectors of ∠CAB intersect side BC at D and E, respectively. Let F be a point on the segment BC. The circumcircle of triangle △ADF intersects AB and AC at I and J, respectively. Let N be the mid-point of IJ and H the foot of E on DN. Prove that E is the incenter of triangle △AHF.
Solution
Denote by ω the circumcircle of △AHF. The key idea in the problem is to introduce a new point X which we define as the second intersection of DN and ω. We now note that the ∠JAD=∠CAD=90∘±2α where α=∠CAB. As AD is an external bisector of ∠CAB. The ± signs depend on the picture and student shouldn't be deduced any points for not noticing this. Hence we have either ∠JAD=∠BAD or ∠JAD+∠IAD=180∘ so in both cases DI=DJ. Now as N is midpoint of IJ this means that DN is bisector of IJ and hence passes through the centre of the. This shows that DX is a diameter of ω and EH∥IJ. We also notice that ∠EAD=90∘ as angle between bisectors and ∠XAD=90∘ as DX is a diameter. Hence X,A,E are collinear. Now this gives us ∠DHE=∠XHE=90∘ and ∠XFE=∠DFE=90∘ as DX is a diameter of ω and finally again ∠EAD=90∘. All this gives us that quadrilaterals XFEH and ADEH are cyclic. Final step is to use some angle chasing to get ∠AHE=∠ADH=∠AXF=∠EXF=∠EHF where first, second and fourth equalities are due to cyclicity of ADEH, ADXF and XFEH respectively. Also ∠DFH=∠EFH=∠EXH=∠AFD=∠AFE where the second and fourth equalities are due to cyclicity of XFEH and ADXF. This shows E is the incenter of △AFH as desired.
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