AlgebraDifficulty 5.8AIME, harderProve itHong Kong
Let a, b and c be positive real numbers satisfying abc=1. Determine the smallest possible value of a3(b+c)a3+8+b3(c+a)b3+8+c3(a+b)c3+8.
Solution
The minimum value is 227. Let x=a1, y=b1 and z=c1. Then we have xyz=1. By the AM-GM inequality, we have a3+2=a3+1+1≥33(a3)(1)(1)=3a. Therefore, a3(b+c)a3+8≥a3(b+c)3a+6=a3(b+c)3a2bc+6abc=y+z3x+6x2. Similarly, we have b3(c+a)b3+8≥z+x3y+6y2 and c3(a+b)c3+8≥x+y3z+6z2. Thus, it remains to minimize 3(y+zx+z+xy+x+yz)+6(y+zx2+z+xy2+x+yz2). By Nesbitt's inequality, we have y+zx+z+xy+x+yz≥23. Also, by the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, we have ((y+z)+(z+x)+(x+y))(y+zx2+z+xy2+x+yz2)≥(x+y+z)2. This implies y+zx2+z+xy2+x+yz2≥2x+y+z≥233xyz=23 by the AM-GM inequality. Therefore, the given expression is at least 3⋅23+6⋅23=227.
Equality holds when a=b=c=1.
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