GeometryDifficulty 7.3National olympiad, round 2Prove itHong Kong
One edge of a triangular pyramid has length 6 while every other edge has length 5. Find the volume of the pyramid.
Solution
Answer: 2539
Let the vertices of the pyramid be A, B, C, D, where BD=6 and all other edges have length 5. Let also M be the midpoint of BD and N be the foot of perpendicular from A to the base BCD. Of course we have BM=MD=3 and CM=4. Note that AN2=AB2−BN2=AC2−CN2=AD2−DN2. As AB=AC=AD=5, we have BN=CN=DN and so N is the circumcentre of △BCD. The circumradius of △BCD is given by the extended sine formula BN=2sinBCD=2⋅545=825. The area of △BCD is 21⋅BD⋅MC=12. The volume of the pyramid is thus 31⋅12⋅AN=4⋅52−(825)2=2539.
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