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Irish Mathematical Olympiad

Geometry Difficulty 5.4 AIME, harder Prove it Ireland

A triangle ABC is inscribed in a circle, centre O, and DD, EE, FF are the mid-points of BCBC, CACA, ABAB respectively. The point AA is free to move on the circumference of the circle. Find the locus of LL, the midpoint of FEFE.

Solution

Let MM and NN be the midpoints of BDBD and DCDC respectively. Let ADAD meet EFEF at L′L'. Then FL′∥BDFL' \parallel BD and ∣FL′∣=12∣BD∣|FL'| = \frac{1}{2}|BD|. Similarly ∣L′E∣=12∣DC∣|L'E| = \frac{1}{2}|DC|, hence ∣FL′∣=∣L′E∣|FL'| = |L'E|, i.e. L′=LL' = L is the midpoint of FEFE.

Figure 1

Let PP be the midpoint of ODOD. Then PL∥OAPL \parallel OA and ∣PL∣=12∣OA∣|PL| = \frac{1}{2}|OA|. Similarly ∣PM∣=12∣OB∣|PM| = \frac{1}{2}|OB| and ∣PN∣=12∣OC∣|PN| = \frac{1}{2}|OC|. Since ∣OA∣=∣OB∣=∣OC∣|OA| = |OB| = |OC| then ∣PL∣=∣PM∣=∣PN∣|PL| = |PM| = |PN|. So the circle with centre PP and radius ∣PM∣|PM| passes through LL. As AA moves on the circumference of the circle, the points OO, PP, DD and MM remain fixed. Thus LL will always lie on the circumference of the circle centre PP and radius equal to half the radius of the circumcircle.

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