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Geometry Difficulty 7.0 National olympiad Prove it Ukraine

In triangle ABCABC, by TA,TB,TCT_A, T_B, T_C are denoted tangency points of excircles of ABC\triangle ABC tangent to sides BC,ACBC, AC and ABAB, respectively. Let OO be the center of circumscribed circle of ABC\triangle ABC, and II be the center of its inscribed circle. It is known that OIACOI \parallel AC. Prove that TATBTC=9012ABC\angle T_A T_B T_C = 90^\circ - \frac{1}{2} \angle ABC.

Figure 1

Fig.29

Solution

Let IA,IB,ICI_A, I_B, I_C be the centers of excircles, I1I_1 be the point, symmetrical to II with respect to point OO (fig. 29). Let us look at ΔIAIBIC\Delta I_A I_B I_C. II is its orthocenter, since bisectors of outer and inner angles are perpendicular. It is also clear that OO is the center of Euler's circle of this triangle. Then, point I1I_1 is the center point of circumscribed circle of ΔIAIBIC\Delta I_A I_B I_C. Then,

I1IBC=ICIBB\angle I_1 I_B C = \angle I_C I_B B, which yields I1IBACI_1 I_B \perp AC, since BICA=9012BCA=ACIB\angle B I_C A = 90^\circ - \frac{1}{2} \angle BCA = \angle AC I_B.

Hence, lines IBTBI_B T_B, IATAI_A T_A and ICTCI_C T_C intersect at point I1I_1.

Clearly, AII1CAII_1C is a trapezoid. Points I,I1I, I_1 are symmetrical with respect to the median perpendicular of ACAC, since II1ACII_1 \parallel AC. Then, AII1CAII_1C is an isosceles trapezoid, and AI1C=AIC=90+12ABC\angle A I_1 C = \angle A I C = 90^\circ + \frac{1}{2} \angle ABC. Let us also note that quadrilaterals I1TCATBI_1 T_C A T_B and I1TACTBI_1 T_A C T_B are inscribed. Then,

TATBTC=TCTBI1+I1TBTA=I1AB+I1CB=AI1ACABC=90ABC2. \angle T_A T_B T_C = \angle T_C T_B I_1 + \angle I_1 T_B T_A = \angle I_1 A B + \angle I_1 C B = \angle A I_1 AC - \angle ABC = 90^\circ - \frac{\angle ABC}{2}.

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