Problem:
If is a positive integer, let denote the sum of the digits of . We say that is zesty if there exist positive integers and greater than 1 such that and . How many zesty two-digit numbers are there?
Problem:
If is a positive integer, let denote the sum of the digits of . We say that is zesty if there exist positive integers and greater than 1 such that and . How many zesty two-digit numbers are there?
Solution:
Let be a zesty two-digit number, and let and be as in the problem statement. Clearly if both and are one-digit numbers, then . Thus either is a two-digit number or is. Assume without loss of generality that it is . If , and , then . If both and are less than , then , but if either is at least , then . It follows that the two digits of share a common factor greater than , namely . It is now easy to count the zesty two-digit numbers by first digit starting with ; there are a total of .