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Geometry Difficulty 6.8 National olympiad Prove it Vietnam

Let ABCABC be an acute, non-isosceles triangle with altitudes ADAD, BEBE and CFCF. The circle (ADAD) intersects DEDE, DFDF at MM, NN. Let PP, QQ be the points on ABAB, ACAC respectively such that NPNP is perpendicular to ABAB and MQMQ is parallel to ACAC. Let (II) be the circumcircle of triangle APQAPQ.

a) Prove that (II) is tangent to EFEF.

b) Let TT be the tangency point of the circumcircle of triangle APQAPQ with EFEF, KK be the intersection of DTDT, MNMN and LL be the reflection of AA through MNMN. Prove that the circumcircle of triangle DKLDKL passes through the intersection of MNMN, EFEF.

Solution

a) Let TT be the foot of AA on EFEF. Note that FCFC is the internal bisector of DFE\angle DFE so FMFM, FTFT are symmetric with respect to ABAB. On the other hand, FNA=FTA=90\angle FNA = \angle FTA = 90^\circ then NN, TT are symmetric with respect to ABAB. Therefore, NN, PP, TT are collinear and TPABTP \perp AB. Similarly, TQACTQ \perp AC and TT, MM, QQ are collinear. Hence, ATAT is the diameter of (I)(I) and ATEFAT \perp EF then EFEF is tangent to (I)(I).

b) Let XX, YY, ZZ and JJ be the intersections of MNMN with EFEF, ABAB, ACAC and ADAD. It is well-known that MM, NN are the reflections of TT through AEAE, AFAF respectively then MNMN passes through the feet of altitudes from EE, FF in triangle AEFAEF. Thus, EYABEY \perp AB and FZACFZ \perp AC. On the other hand, we also have ADAD is the perpendicular bisector of MNMN then JJ is the midpoint of MNMN. Hence, D(EF,TX)=1D(EF, TX) = -1. Projecting on MNMN, we have (MN,KX)=1(MN, KX) = -1. Note that JJ is the midpoint of MNMN, we have
JKJX=JM2=JN2=JAJD=JLJD. \overline{JK} \cdot \overline{JX} = JM^2 = JN^2 = -\overline{JA} \cdot \overline{JD} = \overline{JL} \cdot \overline{JD}.
Therefore, DLKSDLKS is cyclic or (DLK)(DLK) passes through SS. \square

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