a) Let T be the foot of A on EF. Note that FC is the internal bisector of ∠DFE so FM, FT are symmetric with respect to AB. On the other hand, ∠FNA=∠FTA=90∘ then N, T are symmetric with respect to AB. Therefore, N, P, T are collinear and TP⊥AB. Similarly, TQ⊥AC and T, M, Q are collinear. Hence, AT is the diameter of (I) and AT⊥EF then EF is tangent to (I).
b) Let X, Y, Z and J be the intersections of MN with EF, AB, AC and AD. It is well-known that M, N are the reflections of T through AE, AF respectively then MN passes through the feet of altitudes from E, F in triangle AEF. Thus, EY⊥AB and FZ⊥AC. On the other hand, we also have AD is the perpendicular bisector of MN then J is the midpoint of MN. Hence, D(EF,TX)=−1. Projecting on MN, we have (MN,KX)=−1. Note that J is the midpoint of MN, we have
JK⋅JX=JM2=JN2=−JA⋅JD=JL⋅JD.
Therefore, DLKS is cyclic or (DLK) passes through S. □