Maths Olympiad Prep

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Combinatorics Difficulty 6.0 AIME, harder Prove it Ukraine

Eight children, who did not know each other, came to the dance class. To introduce them to each other, teacher decided to choose four children each minute and let them dance in a circle. During this minute, each of the children in a circle will get to know a neighbor on the left and on the right. What is the minimal number of minutes the teacher needs to make all eight children know each other?
(Arsenii Nikolaiev)

Solution

Consider any child from this group. They need to get to know seven other children, and participating once in a dancing circle they meet maximum two new acquaintances. Thus, each child should participate in at least four dancing circles. In each dancing circle, there are no more than four children participating. Then, there were at least (84)=8(8 \cdot 4) = 8 circles. Now we are going to give an example in which eight circles are enough for everybody to know each other. We enumerate children from 1 to 8 and make the next ordered groups: 1234, 5678, 1357, 2468, 1526, 3748, 2736 and 1845. Here we assume that the last child stands in a circle near the first one.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.