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Hellenic Mathematical Olympiad

Geometry Difficulty 4.9 AIME Prove it Greece

Let ABΓAΒΓ be a triangle and MM, NN the midpoints of ABAB, AΓAΓ, respectively. The points ΔΔ and EE lie on the segment BNBN, such that ΓΔ∥MEΓΔ \parallel ME and BΔ<BEBΔ < BE. Prove that:
BΔ=2⋅EN. BΔ = 2 \cdot EN.

Solutions — 2

Solution 1

Since ME∥ΓΔME \parallel ΓΔ it follows that ΓΔE=ME^ΔΓΔE = M\hat{E}Δ, and so
180∘−ΓΔE=180∘−ME^Δ⇒BΔΓ=ME^N(1) 180^\circ - ΓΔE = 180^\circ - M\hat{E}Δ \Rightarrow BΔΓ = M\hat{E}N \quad (1)
Since the points MM, NN are the midpoints of the sides ABAB, AΓAΓ, respectively, we conclude that
MN∥BΓ,MN=BΓ2.(2) MN \parallel BΓ, \quad MN = \frac{BΓ}{2}. \quad (2)
and hence
ΔBΓ^=MN^E,(3) ΔB\hat{Γ} = M\hat{N}E, \quad (3)
From (1) and (3) we get that the triangles BΔΓBΔΓ and MENMEN are similar, and so:
BΔEN=BΓMN=2⇒BΔ=2⋅EN. \frac{BΔ}{EN} = \frac{BΓ}{MN} = 2 \Rightarrow BΔ = 2 \cdot EN.

Figure 1
Figure 1

Solution 2

From ΓΓ we draw the parallel to the line to BNBN, which meet the line AEAE at ZZ. Since NN is the midpoint of BΓBΓ and NE∥ΓZNE \parallel ΓZ, it follows that EE is the midpoint of AZAZ and ΓZ=2⋅ENΓZ = 2 \cdot EN.
Since MM, EE are the midpoints of ABAB, AZAZ, respectively, we have: ME∥BΓME \parallel BΓ.
Therefore the quadrilateral BZΓΔBZΓΔ is parallelogram, as it has the two pairs of opposite sides parallel. Hence BΔ=ΓZ=2⋅ENBΔ = ΓZ = 2 \cdot EN.

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