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Geometry Difficulty 4.5 AIME Prove it Ireland

Assume ABCDABCD is a convex quadrilateral such that the triangles ABDABD, BCDBCD, CDACDA, and ABCABC have the same area. Prove that ABCDABCD is a parallelogram.

Solution

Let BB' and DD' on ACAC be the feet of the altitudes of the triangles ABC\triangle ABC and ADC\triangle ADC. Because these two triangles have the same area, we get BB=DD|BB'| = |DD'|. This implies that the two right triangles BMBBMB' and DMDDMD', which have equal angles at MM, are congruent. In particular, BM=MD|BM| = |MD|.

A similar argument, using the other diagonal, shows that AM=MC|AM| = |MC|. Because the two triangles DMADMA and BMCBMC have equal angles at MM, they are now seen to be congruent. This shows that MBC=MDA\angle MBC = \angle MDA, hence BCBC is parallel to DADA. In a similar way it follows that ABAB is parallel to CDCD, hence ABCDABCD is a parallelogram.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.