Maths Olympiad Prep

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, 2023

Geometry Difficulty 8.8 Shortlist Prove it Saudi Arabia

In an acute-angled triangle ABCABC, point OO is the circumcenter and HH the orthocenter. Points BB' and CC' are the reflections of BB in line ACAC and of CC in line ABAB, respectively. Point KK is the circumcenter of triangle HBCHB'C', point DD the midpoint of KBKB, and SS the intersection of line ODOD with the perpendicular to ABAB at AA. Prove that KA=KSKA = KS.

Solution

Let ω,ωc,ωb,Ω\omega, \omega_c, \omega_b, \Omega be the circumcircles of triangles ABC,ABC,ABC,ABCABC, ABC', AB'C, AB'C' respectively. Denote Oc,ObO_c, O_b as the circumcenters of ωc,ωb\omega_c, \omega_b and RR as the radius of ω\omega. Let f(X)f(X) be the reflection of the figure XX over the line ABAB.

It is easy to check that f(ΔABC)=ΔABCf(\Delta ABC) = \Delta A'BC, so f(ω)=ωcf(\omega) = \omega_c and f(O)=Ocf(O) = O_c. Since CHC'H is the common chord of ωc,Ω\omega_c, \Omega, hence KOcKO_c is the perpendicular bisector of HCHC'. Now the homothety of center OO and ratio 22 will send ABAB to a parallel line through OcO_c, which is OcKO_cK and also send ACAC to ObKO_bK as well. So this homothety sends AA to KK, which implies that KA=AO=RKA = AO = R.

Let BOcBO_c intersects ωc\omega_c at SS' then BAS=90\angle BAS' = 90^\circ. We will prove that SSS' \equiv S. Since AOcBOAO_cBO is the rhombus, hence KOSBKO \parallel S'B. But KO=SB=2RKO = S'B = 2R, hence KSBOKS'BO is a parallelogram, then OSOS' passes through DD, implies that SSS' \equiv S. Finally, we have SK=OK=R=KASK = OK = R = KA which finishes the solution. \square

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