Find all positive integers satisfying
such that and are both perfect squares.
Solution
Solution: There are no positive integer solutions.
Let and .
If is odd, then and are both even, so
is also even, a contradiction. Let ; from the above it follows that is an integer. Let , ,
then from the original conditions we obtain:
and
Since in the above two equations, and are symmetric, we only need to prove that the above two equations have no solutions under the condition that are positive integers,
are non-negative integers, and not both zero. By symmetry, we may assume
. We have , so
Also
so we have
from which we know that . Because when , can only be decomposed in the form ,
checking shows there is no solution.
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