Maths Olympiad Prep

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Geometry Difficulty 5.2 AIME, harder Prove it Philippines

Problem:
Let ABC\triangle ABC be a right triangle with legs AB=6AB = 6 and BC=8BC = 8. Let RR and rr be the circumradius and the inradius of ABC\triangle ABC, respectively. Find the sum of RR and rr.

Solution

Solution:
Since ABC\triangle ABC is a right triangle, its circumradius is just half of its hypotenuse. By Pythagorean theorem, AC=62+82=10AC = \sqrt{6^{2} + 8^{2}} = 10 and so R=AC2=10/2=5R = \frac{AC}{2} = 10 / 2 = 5.

Now, we can compute the inradius by using the following identity:
(r×AB+BC+AC2=Area(ABC)) \left(r \times \frac{AB + BC + AC}{2} = \operatorname{Area}(\triangle ABC)\right)
Since ABC\triangle ABC is a right triangle, its area is just (AB×BC)/2=48/2=24(AB \times BC) / 2 = 48 / 2 = 24. So that
r=24(6+8+10)/2=2 r = \frac{24}{(6 + 8 + 10) / 2} = 2
Thus, R+r=5+2=7R + r = 5 + 2 = 7.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.