Maths Olympiad Prep

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Geometry Difficulty 5.7 AIME, harder Prove it North Macedonia

In a given rectangle ABCDABCD the length of ABAB is two times bigger than the length of BCBC. On the side CDCD a point MM is chosen such that the angle AMDAMD is equal to the angle AMBAMB.

a) Determine the measure of the angle AMDAMD.

b) If DM=1\overline{DM} = 1, determine the area of the rectangle ABCDABCD?

Solution

ABAB and CDCD are parallel so we get that BAM=AMD\angle BAM = \angle AMD. Because AMB=AMD\angle AMB = \angle AMD we conclude that BAM=AMB\angle BAM = \angle AMB. So we obtain that the triangle AMBAMB is isosceles and AB=MB\overline{AB} = \overline{MB}.

In the right-angled triangle BCMBCM BMBM is a hypotenuse and two times bigger than BCBC (AB=2BC\overline{AB} = 2\overline{BC}, AB=MB\overline{AB} = \overline{MB}). From that we obtain that BMC=30\angle BMC = 30^\circ so AMB+AMD=150\angle AMB + \angle AMD = 150^\circ. Hence AMB=AMD=75\angle AMB = \angle AMD = 75^\circ.

Let BC=b\overline{BC} = b, CD=2b\overline{CD} = 2b. From the condition DM=1\overline{DM} = 1 we get CD=CM+MD=CM+1\overline{CD} = \overline{CM} + \overline{MD} = \overline{CM} + 1 i.e. 2b=CM+12b = \overline{CM} + 1.

Now we get that CM=BM2BC2=(2b)2b2=b3\overline{CM} = \sqrt{\overline{BM}^2 - \overline{BC}^2} = \sqrt{(2b)^2 - b^2} = b\sqrt{3}.

Or 2b=b3+12b = b\sqrt{3} + 1 from where we obtain that b=123=2+3b = \frac{1}{2 - \sqrt{3}} = 2 + \sqrt{3}.

The area of the rectangle is P=ab=2b2=2(2+3)2=2(7+43)P = ab = 2b^2 = 2(2+\sqrt{3})^2 = 2(7+4\sqrt{3}).

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.