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Geometry Difficulty 6.6 National olympiad Prove it Greece

Let ABΓAB\Gamma be an acute angled triangle with AB<AΓ<BΓAB < A\Gamma < B\Gamma. Its circumcircle is cc and let Δ,E\Delta, E be the midpoints of ABAB and AΓA\Gamma respectively. We draw externally two semicircles with diameters ABAB and AΓA\Gamma, which intersect EΔE\Delta at MM and NN respectively. The lines MBMB and MΓM\Gamma intersect the circumcircle at T,ΣT, \Sigma respectively. If the lines MBMB and MΓM\Gamma intersect at HH, prove that:

a) the point HH is on the circumcircle of the triangle AMNAMN

b) the lines AHAH and TΣT\Sigma intersect perpendicularly at the point ZZ and ZZ is the center of the circumcircle of the triangle AMNAMN.

Solution

a.
The angles AMB^\widehat{AMB} and ANΓ^\widehat{AN\Gamma} are right since they see the diameters ABAB and AΓA\Gamma. Therefore the quadrilateral AMHNAMHN is cyclic, which is the desired result.

Figure 1

b.
T^1=I^1(1)\hat{T}_1 = \hat{I}_1 \quad (1).

The line EΔE\Delta connects the midpoints of ABAB and AΓA\Gamma, so MNMN is parallel to BΓB\Gamma.
Therefore:

r^1=N^1(2). \hat{r}_1 = \hat{N}_1 \quad (2).

From the quadrilateral AMHNAMHN we have:
H^1=N^2(3). \hat{H}_1 = \hat{N}_2 \quad (3).
From the relations (1), (2), (3) we have:
T^1+H^1=N^1+N^2=AN^H=90. \hat{T}_1 + \hat{H}_1 = \hat{N}_1 + \hat{N}_2 = A\hat{N}H = 90^\circ.

Figure 2

From the quadrilateral ABΣΓAB\Sigma\Gamma we have:
AB^Γ=AΣ^Γ=B^and from EΔBΓ we have: E^1=B^. A\hat{B}\Gamma = A\hat{\Sigma}\Gamma = \hat{B} \quad \text{and from } E\Delta \parallel B\Gamma \text{ we have: } \hat{E}_1 = \hat{B}.
From the equality AΣ^Γ=AΣ^NA\hat{\Sigma}\Gamma = A\hat{\Sigma}N in combination with the previous ones we get that the quadrilateral AEΣNAE\Sigma N is cyclic.

The quadrilateral AZΣNAZ\Sigma N is also cyclic, since AN^Σ=AZ^Σ=90A\hat{N}\Sigma = A\hat{Z}\Sigma = 90^\circ. To this end, we have that Z^1=N^2=H^1\hat{Z}_1 = \hat{N}_2 = \hat{H}_1 and so BHEZBH \parallel EZ. Since EE is the midpoint of ABAB, we conclude that ZZ is the midpoint of AHAH.

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