Find all natural numbers and , such that the sum of their greatest common divisor and their least common multiple equals .
Solution
Let denote the greatest common divisor of and . Then and , where and are coprime. The least common multiple of and is . We have
Since and is prime, we can only have and . The numbers and are coprime. Hence, the one that is divisible by must in fact be divisible by . The one that is divisible by is divisible by . All possible solutions are , , and .
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