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Geometry Difficulty 5.3 AIME, harder Prove it Romania

The altitudes AA1,BB1,CC1AA_1, BB_1, CC_1 of the acute triangle ABCABC intersect at HH. Let A2A_2 be the reflection of point AA in the line B1C1B_1C_1 and let OO be the circumcenter of triangle ABCABC.

a) Prove that the points O,A2,B1,CO, A_2, B_1, C are cocyclic.

b) Prove that the points O,H,A1,A2O, H, A_1, A_2 are cocyclic.

Solutions — 2

Solution 1

a) The angles ABC\angle ABC and AB1C1\angle AB_1C_1 are equal, therefore so are their complementary angles, BAA1\angle BAA_1 and A2AC\angle A_2AC.
It follows that the rays (AHAH and (AA2AA_2 are isogonal, hence A2(AOA_2 \in (AO). As AO=COAO = CO, we have ACOOACAA2B1\angle ACO \equiv \angle OAC \equiv \angle AA_2B_1, therefore points O,A2,B1,CO, A_2, B_1, C are cocyclic. (The arguments above hold in the case A2(AO)A_2 \in (AO) as well as in the case O(AA2)O \in (AA_2).)

b) From the power of the point AA with respect to the circles through O,A2,B1,CO, A_2, B_1, C and H,A1,C,B1H, A_1, C, B_1 respectively, it follows that AB1AC=AOAA2AB_1 \cdot AC = AO \cdot AA_2 and AB1AC=AHAA1AB_1 \cdot AC = AH \cdot AA_1.
Since AOAA2=AHAA1AO \cdot AA_2 = AH \cdot AA_1, from the converse of the power of the point theorem, it follows that the points O,A2,H,A1O, A_2, H, A_1 are cocyclic.

Figure 1

Solution 2

Alternative Solution. For b). Consider {A3}=(AA2B1C1\{A_3\} = (AA_2 \cap B_1C_1 and let O1O_1 be the midpoint of [AH][AH]. Then O1O_1 is the circumcenter of triangle AB1C1AB_1C_1. As [O1A3][O_1A_3] is a midsegment in triangle AHA2AHA_2, we have HA2AO1A3A\angle HA_2A \equiv \angle O_1A_3A. But the similarity of triangles ABCABC and AB1C1AB_1C_1 leads to the equality of the corresponding angles AA1O\angle AA_1O and AA3O1\angle AA_3O_1, which means that AA2HAA1O\angle AA_2H \equiv \angle AA_1O and the conclusion.

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