Maths Olympiad Prep

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Combinatorics Difficulty 4.8 AIME Prove it United States

Problem:

There are 25 people at a party and every pair of them is either friends or strangers. Prove that there are two people at the party who have the same number of friends.

Solution

Solution:

Assume that no two people have the same number of friends. Because the number of friends a person can have ranges from 00 to 2424, we can label the people with their numbers of friends and every label will be used once. Now consider the people labeled 00 and 2424. They cannot be friends, because the person labeled 00 has no friends; but they cannot be strangers, because the person labeled 2424 is friends with everybody else. We have a contradiction.

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Source: MathNet, licensed CC-BY-4.0. Statement reproduced verbatim; metadata (topic, difficulty) added by this project.