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Geometry Difficulty 8.4 Shortlist Prove it Estonia

Let DD be the point different from BB on the hypotenuse ABAB of a right triangle ABCABC such that CB=CD|CB| = |CD|. Let OO be the circumcenter of triangle ACDACD. Rays ODOD and CBCB intersect at point PP, and the line through point OO perpendicular to side ABAB and ray CDCD intersect at point QQ. Points AA, CC, PP, QQ are concyclic. Does this imply that ACPQACPQ is a square?

Solution

Figure 1
Figure 32

As OQOQ is the perpendicular bisector of ADAD, one has QAD=ADQ=BDC=CBD\angle QAD = \angle ADQ = \angle BDC = \angle CBD (Fig. 32). Therefore AQBCAQ \parallel BC, whence QAC=180ACB=90\angle QAC = 180^\circ - \angle ACB = 90^\circ. From the cyclic quadrilateral APCQAPCQ one also gets CPQ=PQA=90\angle CPQ = \angle PQA = 90^\circ, i.e., ACPQACPQ is a rectangle.

As DOC=2DAC\angle DOC = 2\angle DAC, one obtains
DOC=2BAC=2(90CBA)=1802CBA==180CBDBDC=DCB, \begin{aligned} \angle DOC &= 2\angle BAC = 2(90^\circ - \angle CBA) = 180^\circ - 2\angle CBA = \\ &= 180^\circ - \angle CBD - \angle BDC = \angle DCB, \end{aligned}
which implies that isosceles triangles BDCBDC and DCODCO are similar. Thus BDC=DCO\angle BDC = \angle DCO, i.e., OCABOC \parallel AB, whence QOC=90=QAC\angle QOC = 90^\circ = \angle QAC. So OO lies on the circle determined by AA, CC, PP, QQ. Therefore
ACQ=AOQ=12AOD=12AOP=12ACP. \angle ACQ = \angle AOQ = \frac{1}{2}\angle AOD = \frac{1}{2}\angle AOP = \frac{1}{2}\angle ACP.
Consequently, the diagonal of the rectangle ACPQACPQ bisects the angle of the rectangle, whence ACPQACPQ is a square.

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